Questions about the goals, possibilities, scope and limits of education date back to ancient times. However, addressing educational issues from the perspective of the Critical Theory in the sense of the Frankfurt School is a new and still underdeveloped enterprise. From the perspectives of educational philosophy and educational sociology the contributions to this volume critically analyse highly pressing issues such as the erosion of democracies, populism, and the (im)possibility of educating individuals to become mature and autonomous. This interdisciplinary approach offers nuanced and fresh answers to questions of normative orders.