Victor Marie Hugo (Besançon, France, 1802 - 1885) was a writer, poet, playwright, and French politician, a central figure of Romanticism and one of the most influential literary voices of the 19th century. His work includes emblematic novels such as Les Misérables (1862), which denounces social injustice in 19th century France, and The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (1831), which powerfully portrays life in medieval Paris. In theater, he revolutionized the genre with plays like Hernani (1830) and Cromwell (1827), while his poetry, highlighted in collections such as Les Contemplations (1856) and The Legend of the Centuries (1859-1883), combines lyricism and social commitment
Exiled for about 20 years due to his opposition to the regime of Napoleon III, he produced many of his most significant works during this period, also expanding his political work as a deputy and senator after his return. He was recognized with membership in the French Academy and the Legion of Honor. His literary and political legacy remains a benchmark for social justice and artistic expression.
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